Introduction
The Qinhuai Lantern Festival, also known as the Jinling Lantern Festival, is an annual cultural event held in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China, during the Spring Festival holidays. Designated as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006, it is one of the larger lantern festivals in China, typically lasting around 50 days. The festival attracts visitors with its lantern displays, cultural performances, and local cuisine. Main venues include Bailuzhou Park, the ConfuciusTemple Scenic Area, and the Laomendong district.
History
The Qinhuai Lantern Festival is a vibrant tradition deeply rooted in the culture of the Jiangnan region. The festival’s origins can be traced back to ancient Chinese customs of lighting lanterns during the Shangyuan Festival, which marks the first full moon of the Lunar New Year. Historically, the festival was a grand occasion during the Ming and Qing dynasties, when the Qinhuai River was adorned with golden pavilions, painted pleasure boats, and flickering lanterns, creating a picturesque scene of prosperity and festivity.
In modern times, it blends traditional elements with contemporary designs. Lantern themes often draw inspiration from Chinese mythology, folklore, and historical events. For example, the 2024 festival showcased the Year of the Dragon, with dragon motifs at the Confucius Temple’s Linxing Gate, and Bailuzhou Park recreated scenes inspired by Ming Dynasty lantern viewing. The festival’s designation as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006 has supported its preservation and promotion.
Celebrations and Activities
The Qinhuai Lantern Festival offers a diverse range of celebrations and activities that cater to visitors of all ages. The centerpiece of the festival is the lantern exhibition, featuring over 330 sets of lantern installations in various sizes and forms in 2024. These lanterns are meticulously crafted by local artisans, showcasing their skills and creativity. Popular designs include animals, flowers, and mythical creatures, each symbolizing auspiciousness and joy.
Visitors can immerse themselves in the festive atmosphere by exploring the seven exhibition areas across the main venues. During the 38th annual China Qinhuai Lantern Festival in 2024, the Bailuzhou Park featured 68 sets of lanterns inspired by historical artwork, while the Confucius Temple Scenic Area highlighted traditional Chinese architectural elements. The Laomendong district, known for its historical alleys and lanes, offered a quieter and more intimate experience, with creatively decorated shops and cultural workshops.
In addition to the lantern displays, the festival includes folk performances such as acrobatics shows, storytelling, and traditional music. Culinary enthusiasts can sample local delicacies and street food, adding a gastronomic dimension to the festivities. Interactive activities, such as lantern-making workshops and cultural exhibitions, provide opportunities for visitors to engage with the heritage of the region.
Cultural and Economic Impact
The Qinhuai Lantern Festival significantly impacts both the cultural landscape and the economy of Nanjing and the surrounding region. The festival contributes to the preservation of Jiangnan cultural heritage by highlighting local intangible cultural practices such as lantern-making, storytelling, and folk performances, fostering their continuation.
Economically, the festival stimulates tourism and supports local businesses. Between 2008 and 2017, Qinhuai’s tourism income increased fivefold, and lantern sales reached 10 million yuan in 2017. The festival provides a venue for local artisans to showcase their crafts and generate income.
The festival’s integration of culture and tourism has broadened its appeal, attracting domestic and international visitors. In 2019, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism recognized the event as one of the 10 models for intangible cultural heritage and tourism integration. The festival employs modern technologies, such as virtual tours and digitalization, to enhance accessibility and broaden its audience.
In summary, the Qinhuai Lantern Festival is a notable cultural event that blends tradition and innovation. Its historical importance, varied activities, and cultural and economic contributions solidify its place in Nanjing’s identity and the Jiangnan region.